Nigute Gushonga Umuringa wa Aluminium

Uwitekaumuringa wa aluminiumurukurikirane ruragoye, kandi bimwe mubintu bigoye bya aluminiyumu birimo ibintu bya gatatu nuwa kane bivanga nka manganese, nikel, silikoni, cobalt na arsenic.HAl66-6-3-2 na HAl61-4-3-1, zifite ibintu byinshi bivangavanze, ni ibivange bigizwe nibintu bitandatu, kandi bimwe muribi ni imiringa itunganijwe itunganijwe ya aluminiyumu ivuye muburyo budasanzwe.Amavuta atandukanye akunda kugira ibintu bitandukanye byo gushonga bityo bigasaba inzira zitandukanye zo gushonga.
Mbere ya byose, umuringa wa aluminium biroroshye "kubira ifuro" mugihe cyo gushonga kandi byanduzwa byoroshye na aluminium cyangwa ibindi byuma bya oxyde.Uburyo bwiza bwo gushonga bugomba kubamo ingamba zimwe zo gukumira.Niba hari firime ya oxyde ya aluminiyumu hejuru yubushonga, irashobora kurinda gushonga kurwego runaka, kandi ntabwo ari ngombwa kongeramo igikoresho cyo gutwikira mugihe cyo gushonga.
Isesengura rya Theoretical: Iyo wongeyeho zinc muri pisine yashongeshejwe irinzwe na firime ya Al2O3, igihombo cya volatilisation ya zinc kirashobora kugabanuka.Mubyukuri, kubera ko guteka kwa zinc bishobora kwangiza firime ya oxyde, gusa mugihe hakoreshejwe flux ikwiye, ni ukuvuga gushonga birashobora gukingirwa cyane, gutakaza umuriro wa zinc birashobora kwirindwa neza cyangwa kugabanuka.Cryolite yabaye ikintu cyingenzi kandi cyingenzi muri flux ikoreshwa mugushonga umuringa wa aluminium.Amashanyarazi ya aluminium-umuringa ntagomba na rimwe gushyuha kugirango wirinde gushonga no guhumeka cyane.Niba gaze irimo gushonga ari ndende cyane, urashobora guhitamo flux yo gutunganya, cyangwa gukoresha gutunganya inert, harimo kongera gutemba no gusubiramo mbere yo gusuka, no gukoresha ikibindi cy inzogera kugirango ukande umunyu wa chloride mumashanyarazi kugirango ushire Inzira.Umuyoboro muremure wo gushonga ibintu nka fer, manganese, silikoni, nibindi bikubiye mu muringa wa aluminiyumu bigoye bigomba kongerwaho muburyo bwa Cu-Fe, Cu-Mn nibindi bivanze hagati.
Muri rusange, ubwinshi bwakoreshejwe hamwe n'umuringa bigomba kongerwamo itanura hanyuma bigashonga, amafaranga yagabanijwe neza arashobora kongerwaho muburyo bwo gushonga, na zinc ikongerwaho nyuma yo gushonga.Iyo ibyuma bisukuye bikoreshejwe nk'umuriro, bigomba kwanduzwa na fosifore nyuma yo gushonga, bigakurikirwa na manganese (Cu-Mn), icyuma (Cu-Fe), hanyuma aluminium, hanyuma zinc.Mumuringa wa aluminiyumu igoye HAl66-6-3-2, ibyuma bigomba kugenzurwa kuri 2% ~ 3%, naho manganese igomba kugenzurwa hafi 3%.Bitabaye ibyo, iyo ibiyirimo ari byinshi cyane, ibintu bimwe na bimwe bivanze bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi.Bitewe n'ubucucike buke bwa aluminium, niba gushonga bidashutswe neza, birashobora gutera imiti idahwanye.Iyo hari inzibacyuho yinzibacyuho mu itanura, muri rusange aluminium nigice cyumuringa gishobora kongerwaho mbere, hanyuma zinc irashobora kongerwamo nyuma yo gushonga.Iyo aluminiyumu yongeyeho, ubushyuhe bwinshi burashobora kurekurwa kubera guhuza umuringa na aluminium.Inzira ya exothermic irashobora gukoreshwa kugirango yihutishe gushonga, ariko niba igikorwa kidakozwe neza, reaction ya exothermic reaction irashobora gutuma ubushyuhe bwaho bwa pisine yashongeshejwe buba hejuru cyane, bikaviramo guhindagurika kwa zinc, kandi bikabije manza, umuriro urashobora gusohoka mu itanura.Ubushyuhe bwo gushonga HAl67-2.5 mubusanzwe ni 1000 ~ 1100 and, naho ubushyuhe bwo gushonga HAl60-1-1, HAl59-3-2, HAl66-6-6-2 mubusanzwe ni 1080 ~ 1120 and, kandi ubushyuhe bwo hasi bugomba gukoreshwa uko bishoboka kwose.Gushonga ubushyuhe.